聚丙烯,英文名稱:Polypropylene,簡稱:PP,俗稱:百折膠。聚丙烯是聚α-烯烴的代表,由丙烯聚合而制得的一種熱塑性樹脂,其單體是丙烯CH2=CH-CH3。根據(jù)引發(fā)劑和聚合工藝的不同,聚丙烯可以分為等規(guī)聚丙烯和無規(guī)聚丙烯和間規(guī)聚丙烯三種構(gòu)型。等規(guī)聚丙烯易形成結(jié)晶態(tài),結(jié)晶度高達(dá)95%以上,分子量在8-15萬之間,賦予他良好的抗熱和抗溶劑性;無規(guī)聚丙烯在室溫下是一種非結(jié)晶的、微帶粘性的白色蠟狀物,分子量低,在3000-10000,結(jié)構(gòu)不規(guī)整缺乏內(nèi)聚力,應(yīng)用較少。
成型特性:
1.結(jié)晶料,吸濕性小,易發(fā)生融體破裂,長期與熱金屬接觸易分解。
2.流動性好,但收縮范圍及收縮值大,易發(fā)生縮孔、凹痕、變形。
3.冷卻速度快,澆注系統(tǒng)及冷卻系統(tǒng)應(yīng)緩慢散熱,并注意控制成型溫度.料溫低溫高壓時容易取向,模具溫度低于50度時,塑件不光滑,易產(chǎn)生熔接不良,流痕,90度以上易發(fā)生翹曲變形。
4.塑料壁厚須均勻,避免缺膠,尖角,以防應(yīng)力集中。
工藝條件:
干燥處理:如果儲存適當(dāng)則不需要干燥處理。
熔化溫度:220~275℃,注意不要超過275℃。
模具溫度:40~80℃,建議使用50℃。結(jié)晶程度主要由模具溫度決定。
注射壓力:可大到1800bar。
注射速度:通常,使用高速注塑可以使內(nèi)部壓力減小到小。如果制品表面出現(xiàn)了缺陷,那么應(yīng)使用較高溫度下的低速注塑。
流道和澆口:對于冷流道,典型的流道直徑范圍是4~7mm。建議使用通體為圓形的注入口和流道。所有類型的澆口都可以使用。典型的澆口直徑范圍是1~1.5mm,但也可以使用小到0.7mm的澆口。對于邊緣澆口,小的澆口深度應(yīng)為壁厚的一半;小的澆口寬度應(yīng)至少為壁厚的兩倍。PP材料完全可以使用熱流道系統(tǒng)。
相關(guān)特性:
PP是一種半結(jié)晶性材料。它比PE要更堅硬并且有更高的熔點。由于均聚物型的PP溫度高于0℃以上時非常脆,因此許多商業(yè)的PP材料是加入1~4%乙烯的無規(guī)則共聚物或更高比率乙烯含量的嵌段式共聚物。共聚物型的PP材料有較低的熱扭曲溫度(100℃)、低透明度、低光澤度、低剛性,但是具有更強(qiáng)的抗沖擊強(qiáng)度。PP的強(qiáng)度隨著乙烯含量的增加而增大。PP的維卡軟化溫度為150℃。由于結(jié)晶度較高,這種材料的表面剛度和抗劃痕特性很好。PP不存在環(huán)境應(yīng)力開裂問題。通常,采用加入玻璃纖維、金屬添加劑或熱塑橡膠的方法對PP進(jìn)行改性。PP的流動率MFR范圍在1~40。低MFR的PP材料抗沖擊特性較好但延展強(qiáng)度較低。對于相同MFR的材料,共聚物型的強(qiáng)度比均聚物型的要高。由于結(jié)晶,PP的收縮率相當(dāng)高,一般為1.8~2.5%。并且收縮率的方向均勻性比PE-HD等材料要好得多。加入30%的玻璃添加劑可以使收縮率降到0.7%。均聚物型和共聚物型的PP材料都具有優(yōu)良的抗吸濕性、抗酸堿腐蝕性、抗溶解性。然而,它對芳香烴(如)溶劑、氯化烴()溶劑等沒有抵抗力。PP也不象PE那樣在高溫下仍具有抗氧化性。 [2]
聚丙烯(PP)是常見塑料中較輕的一種,其電性能優(yōu)異,可作為耐濕熱高頻絕緣材料應(yīng)用。PP屬結(jié)晶性聚合物,熔體冷凝時因比容積變化大、分子取向程度高而呈現(xiàn)較大收縮率(1.0%-1.5%)。PP在熔融狀態(tài)下,用升溫來降低其粘度的作用不大。因此在成型加工過程中,應(yīng)以提高注塑壓力和剪切速率為主,以提高制品的成型質(zhì)量。
特性應(yīng)用:
一、特性
1、抗腐蝕性
2、防銹性
3、輕便性、密度低
4、耐高溫性
5、耐老化,使用壽命相對PE短
6、表面光潔度極好
7、充分的熱穩(wěn)定性
8、熱熔率低和表面平滑性優(yōu)良并經(jīng)食品等級良好認(rèn)可
9、價格低
二、應(yīng)用
1、化學(xué)化工儲罐制造加工
2、高酸堿溶液儲存器
3、處理設(shè)備建材
4、電子電鍍設(shè)備容器
5、實驗設(shè)備及器皿
6、通用加工儀器設(shè)備
7、洗滌器,空氣過濾系統(tǒng),導(dǎo)管系統(tǒng)
8、廢氣處理洗滌系統(tǒng)
9、電路印刷板酸洗設(shè)備
10、電鍍槽
11、醫(yī)療應(yīng)用元件
12、電腦數(shù)字加工中心及精密設(shè)備元件
13、交通運輸
三、應(yīng)用工業(yè)
1、化工處理工業(yè)
2、表面處理工業(yè)
3、醫(yī)藥學(xué)
4、生命科學(xué)
應(yīng)用范圍:汽車工業(yè)(主要使用含金屬添加劑的PP:擋泥板、通風(fēng)管、風(fēng)扇等),器械(洗碗機(jī)門襯墊、干燥機(jī)通風(fēng)管、洗衣機(jī)框架及機(jī)蓋、冰箱門襯墊等),日用消費品(草坪和園藝設(shè)備如 剪草機(jī)和噴水器等)。
“承諾、假一賠十”東莞市輝港塑膠原料有限公司長期銷售原裝進(jìn)口原料,杜絕一切假冒品。均本公司購買塑膠原料可隨貨提供MSDS、SGS(ROHS)、COA、FDA、ASTM、UL黃卡環(huán)保證書。專業(yè)銷售阻燃TPEE,紅外線穿透PMMA,紅外線穿透PC,PPS RYTON BR111,PMMA PLEXIGLAS V825等塑膠原料.
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